Blood Cell

When Blood Cells Go Wild

For your body to function properly, it needs a steady supply of oxygenated blood that is supplied by red blood cells. These blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to different parts of the body to give you energy and keep the skin healthy.

But if the bone marrow makes too many red blood cells, the blood thickens and trouble begins. This is called polycythemia vera – a blood disorder that causes many health problems.

“Polycythemia vera - also called primary polycythemia - occurs most often in older adults. It's rare in people younger than 20. Polycythemia vera usually develops very slowly. You may have it for years without noticing any signs or symptoms. Often, polycythemia vera is found during a blood test done for some other reason,” said the Mayo Clinic.

In the early stages, the disease has no symptoms. As it progresses, the patient may have headaches, dizziness, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing especially when lying down, chest pain, numbness and fatigue.

No one knows why people get polycythemia vera but it appears to be caused by a mutation in red blood cell production. The mutation is acquired but how this happens is a mystery. What we know if that the disease is common in older people, it affects more men than women and it appears to run in families.

“The problem with blood cell production associated with polycythemia vera is caused by a change, or mutation, to DNA in a single cell in your bone marrow. In polycythemia vera, researchers have found this mutation to be a change in a protein switch that tells the cells to grow. Specifically it's a mutation in the protein JAK2 (the JAK2 V617F mutation),” explained the Mayo Clinic.

“More than 90 percent of patients with polycythemia vera, and about half of patients with other myeloproliferative disorders, have this mutation. Doctors and researchers don't understand the full role of this mutation and its implications for treating the disease,” it added.

But don't feel so bad if you have this condition since you can live with the disease in the absence of complications like a stroke, heart attack, an enlarged spleen and skin problems.

“Polycythemia vera causes your blood to be thicker than normal, which can slow the rate of blood flow through your veins and arteries. Increased blood thickness and decreased blood flow, as well as abnormalities in your platelets, increase your risk of blood clots. Blood clots can cause a stroke, a heart attack, or blockage of an artery in your lungs (pulmonary embolism) or in a vein deep within a muscle (deep vein thrombosis),” warned the Mayo Clinic.

Treatment is aimed at keeping the red blood cell level within a tolerable range. This can be done with the use of drugs, phlebotomy (removing blood) or low-dose aspirin to decrease clotting and reduce the chance of a stroke or heart attack.

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About the Author

Sharon Bell is an avid health and fitness enthusiast and published author. Many of her insightful articles can be found at the premier online news magazine http://www.HealthLinesNews.com.

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Does sickle cell trait affect the white blood cells? Does it cause a low white blood cell count?

The reason for my question is my girlfriend told me that her white blood cell count was low and the first thing that popped into my mind was HIV/AIDS so I'm freaked. But before she told me she has sickle cell trait and that it affects white blood cellls and she's had low white blood cells all of her life. She said that they are a little below normal. Just want to know. PLEASE!

Yep.

It can cause lower WBC Count.

Let me count the ways:

Directly by neutrophils adhering to vascular walls along with sickled RBCs

indirectly secondary to hyper-spleenism causing pancytopenia

from Hydroxyurea the only medication approved for treatment of sickle cell.

(Not to mention that African decent is one of the genetic predispositions to idiopathic leukopenia.)

..........................................

low white blood count

Sometimes the cause of a low white blood cell count can't be determined (idiopathic). Known causes of a low white blood cell count (leukopenia) include:
Infections, such as viral infections and HIV
Autoimmune disorders, such as lupus
Certain medications, especially those used in chemotherapy and some antibiotics
Radiation therapy
Bone marrow disease, such as leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes
White blood cells help fight infection in your body. A normal white blood cell count ranges from 4,500 to 10,000 cells per microliter of blood. A mild decrease in white blood cells below 4,500 cells per microliter doesn't necessarily indicate a serious illness. However, a dangerously low white blood cell count — below 2,500 cells per microliter — increases the risk of serious infection.

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/low-white-blood-cell-count/AN00726

Neutropenia is a low count of one type of white blood cell, the netrophil.

What conditions are associated with neutropenia?

Neutropenia can be present (though it is relatively uncommon) in normal healthy individuals, notably in blacks and Yemenite Jews. Causes of neutropenia from disease can be categorized as resulting from decreased production of white blood cells, destruction of white blood cells after they are produced, or pooling of white blood cells (accumulation of the white blood cells out of the circulation).
Diseases causing decreased production of white blood cells include drug toxicity, vitamin deficiencies, and medical diseases such as blood diseases, infections (virus diseases, tuberculosis, typhoid), abnormalities of the bone marrow disorders, or be cyclic (varying in severity week to week, month to month, perhaps related to biorhythms). Destruction of white blood cells can occur as a result of antibodies attacking the cells (such as in Felty's syndrome) or from drugs stimulating the immune system to attack the cells. Pooling of white blood cells occurs with some overwhelming infections, heart-lung bypass during heart surgery, and hemodialysis.

http://www.medicinenet.com/neutropenia/article.htm

Sickle RBCs adhere to endothelium because of increased stickiness. The endothelium participates in this process as do neutrophiles, which also express increased levels of adhesive molecules.

http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic2126.htm

......................................

the only drug currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of SCD is hydroxyurea.

Hydroxyurea is a potentially leukemogenic and carcinogenic agent.
Potential complications referable to long-term use are not yet known.
Its use also requires frequent blood testing and monitoring, with special attention to development of leukopenia and/or thrombocytopenia.

http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic2126.htm

..................................

Leukopenia as part of pancytopenia due to hyperspleenism.

Pancytopenia is generally due to diseases affecting the bone marrow, although peripheral destruction of all lines of blood cells in hypersplenism (overactive spleen) is a recognised cause

Splenomegaly grouped on the basis of the pathogenic mechanism
Increased function
Abnormal blood flow
Infiltration
Removal of defective RBCs
spherocytosis
thalassemia
hemoglobinopathies
nutritional anemias
early sickle cell anemia

....................

Having said all of that,

sickle trait in no way rules out all the other causes of leukopenia.

The best way to rule out HIV is to test for HIV.

Golf: Rory McIlroy dealing with fatigue at Dubai World Championship (Salt Lake Tribune)

#### Golf: Rory McIlroy dealing with fatigue at Dubai World Championship

The Associated Press

##### Published Dec 9, 2011 10:30PM MDT

Dubai, United Arab Emirates • Rory McIlroy said the fatigue he’s felt for the
past several weeks may be the lingering effects of dengue fever. The No.
2-ranked McIlroy had two late bogeys Friday to finish with a 1-under 71 and 7
under at the Dubai World Championship. McIlroy is five shots behind Alvaro
Quiros of Spain. He must win to have any chance of claiming the European money
title ahead of Luke Donald. McIlroy said he got blood test results back
Thursday that showed his white blood cell cou...

##### Copyright 2011 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material
may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Salt Lake Tribune

White Blood Cell Chases Bacteria